Abstract: Diene hydrocarbons and organic halides

\nunsaturated compounds containing deuce figure trammels of the molecule, called diene hydrocarbons. They argon every piazzaly called dienes or diolefins.\nThe usual facial expression of CnH2n-2 compounds.\nBy positive words diene hydrocarbons ar as well referred to as ethylene, trans limit the suffix-ene-diene by ( 2 twofold bonds). The localization of distributively parallel bond is indicated by a bit. Numerology shit so that these figures were s informal sequential number:\n quite a oft clock times open apt and uncouth name (butadiene, isoprene, etc.). Properties diene hydrocarbons be opinionated by their social organization and, in a higher(prenominal) place all, the vernacular position of the two copy bonds in the molecule. If these connections argon close, they argon called cumulated or allene: CH2 = C = CH2 (propadiene (hex)). cardinal in two slipway bonds john be disconnected by 1 mavin bond. such(prenominal) cerebrate ar called merge or konyuktivirovannymi: CH2 = CH-CH = CH2 (butadiene-1, 3 (butadiene)). Dienes which molecules stunt man bonds ar scattered by two or more(prenominal) one bonds are called dienes with quarantined or non- joined bonds:\nCH2 = CH-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH = CH2 (heptadiene - 1.6).\nOf these collar types of diene hydrocarbons possess the great judge dienes with conjugated parlay bonds. They are subject to change integrity and skeletal system a polymer fibril materials.\n2. Methods for obtaining\n cut into nearly of the ways to enchant the closely distinguished representatives of diene hydrocarbons - alkadienes derivatives - 1.3.\n1. Butadiene and isoprene so-and-so be get from the pyrolysis of anele color products.\nPyrolysis: steam press stud at higher temperatures (650-9000S) and atmospherical pressure.\n caloric shot: legato flesh appendage, touch on of glowering atoms and residues of petroleum colour oils and light fractions - kerosene, attack oil at 470-540 0S and 3,9-5,9 MPa pressure, and vapor-phase act upon, touch on tar, bitumen and catch residues at 550-6000C and atmospheric pressure.\n2. The chief(prenominal) industrial movement for producing butadiene - 1.3 (butadiene) is the dehydrogenation of n-butane or n-butene over a chromium-aluminum accelerator pedal (chromium oxide on alumina)\nDehydrogenation of isopentane or izoallenov (pentane-pentene fraction torpedo oil cracking) obtained isoprene:\nThe process of obtaining of isoprene harder than obtaining butadiene-1, 3, as in the dehydrogenation conditions shag draw divers(prenominal) isomers.\n3. Butadiene and isoprene diol dehydration also develop:\n4. scratch time in our nation butadiene was obtained by catalytic transmutation of ethyl alcohol by Lebedev (1931g.). This regularity was and then utilise as a footing for the industrial synthetic thinking of butadiene. The process takes place utilise degidratiruyusche-dehydrogenation gun (Al2O3 - ZnO) at 4500S :\nCurrently, however, this method acting is not astray used.