Short essay philosophy Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Short philosophy - Essay ExampleHe believed in the talent of man to do good. His philosophy entailed the inability of man to be evil. Socrates held that all the evil that occurred in the populace did so because of the ignorance of man.The exact dates of the birth of the Buddha have been a subject of debate among historians however, he lived in India during the fifth part century B.C. his philosophy is similar to that of Hinduism. He emphasized on the importance of gaining freedom from desire. This he believed, would yield man freedom from the cycle of life and death to which one was confined otherwise. Mans buyback lay in a detachment from worldly affairs.seventeenth century. He believed in the rational constitution of being and attempted to arrive at something that he would be able to label as the truth. He believed that thought was the one feature that was unique to man and defined him. The thoughts of a man were what made him what he was.Elizabeth of Bohemia was a contemporar y and regular correspondent of Descartes. Her work in philosophy concerns the relationship between the fountainhead and the body. This is related to the work that was produced by Descartes, who worked on the relationship between man and the thoughts that originate in his mind. She however, is critical of the divorce that Descartes effects between the body and the mind and places great emphasis on the effect that both have on each other.The philosophers that have been discussed here belong to different ages and nationalities. Their contributions to the field of philosophy, however, are great. contemporaneous researchers and philosophers have been able to see the connections between these different ideologies and in them, mans eternal require to understand his own nature and position within the

President Obama and the Financial Reform Research Paper

President Obama and the fiscal Reform - Research Paper ExampleIt has excessively enacted the Volcker Rule based on the advice of Paul Volcker a former Federal Banks chairwoman and headed Obamas Economic Recovery Advisory Board. Although many are skeptical of the features and progress of the new feign, the legal philosophy is understood to be more stringent on the unregulated trading and risk-taking by the financial corporations. at that place have 3 major financial reforms in US history preceded by the recessionary phases and news report scandals. First, the US economy faced the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression in 1929 as a result of which the Glass Steagall action came into existence in 1933 which legislated the separation of commercial banks from investment banks. Senator Carter Glass was responsible for bringing the Act who believed that the commercial banks direct involvement with dealing in somatic securities was a threat to the financial system stabilit y. Since then it has been the topic of research for many economists (Clark, p.205). Second, in 2002 the Sarbanes Oxley Act was signed in the wake of planetary corporate and accounting scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Tyco International (Slander, p.1). The Act contains provisions of corporate governance and auditors independence and led to the creation of quasi-public agency humanity Company Accounting Oversight Board which was responsible for regulating and overseeing the accounting unshakables as external auditors. Third, the close to important reforms, the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform & Consumer bulwark Act has been enacted in 2010 by President Barack Obama and his administration. The legality has led to the creation of two important oversight bodies- Financial Stability Oversight Council and Consumer Financial Protection Bureau. The new Act is considered by many to be based on the Glass Steagall Act. Global Financial Crisis 2007-2010 The Global financial crisis started with the bankruptcy of investment bank Bearn Stearns Inc in 2007 due to heavy exposure to mortgage-backed securities, profound to the subprime mortgage crisis. The bank was sold to JP Morgan Chase. Then the collapse of Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest bank in America was followed, which unfolded the global financial crisis. All those financial institutions which had exposures to the collapsed banks short-term assets faced the liquidity crunch. The largest insurance firm AIG faced the liquidity crisis in 2008 because its credit ratings were downgraded.

Effect of Globalization on Qatar Architectural identity Case Study

Effect of globalization on Qatar architectural identity - Case Study ExampleIn the past five decades, the area has experienced high levels of globalization. These result from liberalizations of markets, efficient flow of information, and integration of economies. Media flows and technological breakthroughs such as net profit and TV study made it easy for throng in Qatar to share ideas with their counterparts who are located in different parts of the demesne. This has created a global culture which has led to erosion of the local culture which was laughable to the local population. The architectural sector has been largely affected by these changes of events. Initially, architectures were using specific designs that were unique to the Qatari people. This made the country unique. The social aspects of the local people were taken into consideration when designing new buildings, roads, etcetera This played a significant role in maintaining the countrys identity. People felt machi ne-accessible to the local designs. However, globalization has opened up boundaries for the local people to move to different parts of the world (Ljungstrom, 2013). However, Qatar has also experienced an influx of foreigners who have introduced new designs in the architectural sector. In addition, people have access to internet and social media. As a result, they are able to interact with otherwise people across the world, an aspect that has changed their perception towards the local identity. As a result, they have started to adopt change. This has forced the manufacture to look for innovative ideas which will attract the attention of the local people.Over the years, Qatar was little known for its Architectural innovativeness. People were using similar designs to develop their towns. The architectural sector was less developed and people workings in this sector were not flexible. As a result, they were not willing to adapt to changes despite other

Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 4

Assignment - study ExampleIn a massive scale business operation as Tesco, the forethought of homo resource becomes a very challenging task. The leadership and counsel of the company plays a key subprogram in its success and Tesco is known for its strong organisational culture, which has lent to its high performance. Managing workforce moral in attend organisations of the scale of Tesco is a huge challenge, which needs innovative management and reward practices. This report assesses the leadership and management role within Tesco the company culture which impacts upon its operations and the workforce motivation issues within the company.Leadership is delimit as the readiness to influence individuals and groups to work toward attaining organizational objectives (Weiss 2001). Leadership defined by Mescrn, Albert and Khedourn as the ability to influence individuals and groups to work toward attaining organizational objectives directly addresses the role of leadership in the cont ext of organisational management. Leadership and management bears critical impact on the performance of an organisation as it is the leadership that can provide focussing and vision to the rest of the organisation.In assessing the role of leadership and management at Tesco, the leadership style and contributions by Sir Terry Leahy should be addressed. Sir Terry Leahy, the dynamic 50-year old chief executive officer of Tesco joined Tesco as a market executive in 1979 and progressed in career to be appointed to the board in 1992. Becoming the CEO in 1997, he has dramatically reshaped and driven the supermarket chain to be the leader in UK supermarket industry with proud growth in not only local but also international markets. Being elect as Britains Business Leader of the Year 2003 Fortune magazines European Businessman of the Year 2003 as well Britains Most Admired Business Leader 2005 are few accolades in recognitions of his leadership role at Tesco

Marketing Communications - marketing strategies of C&C's Bulmers & Essay

Marketing Communications - marketing strategies of C&Cs Bulmers & Magners snitch Cider - Essay ExampleFigure 1 below illustrates the Blumer/Magner market in relation to the bigger business domain of beverages.Having identified the operating space for the product, some companies choose to target and serve a single segment out of the market by practicing niche marketing strategies while others choose some(prenominal) segments out of the market and offer differentiated offers. Some companies on the other hand do non segment the market but target the whole market with a single offering. Figure 2 below illustrates the different targeting strategies available for a company.Segmentation, which is the first step of targeting, divides the market in to distinct groups of buyers with different needs, characteristics or behavior. Next step of targeting involves evaluation of each market segments attractiveness and selecting sensation or more of the market segments to enter (Wisner 1996). In the case of Magners & Bulmers a niche marketing schema is being adopted. Although segmenting can be based on factors such as demographics or geographic requisition or on economic classifications, the more sophisticated segmenting tools combine above factors with Key Benefits Sought (KBS) Analysis. These KBS ar dependent on the alcohol content, taste and texture of the cider as well as the discover factors. Table 1 below provides the segmentation of the cider market, which can be targeted by Magners/Blumer, based on Key Benefits Sought and further qualified by demographic, and Psychographics factors.From the above three target markets, the Magner is focusing on the Social Drink segment. In this category the product can effectively compete with mild and mid(prenominal) strength beers as well as wines provided the product image is developed to high standards. The Magner image has to diversity further to appeal to the sophisticated UK premium drinker category. The packaging still falls behind

Advertisement in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Advertisement in India - Essay ExampleSo McDonalds unconquerable to project itself as a food that caters for and addresses the needs of the Indian population. McDonalds cute to position itself as Indian and a promoter of family values and culture, as well as being comfortable and easy. Simultaneously, the brand wanted to communicate that, operationally, it was committed to maintaining a quality service, cleanliness and offering value for money (Chaturvedi, n.d.). From the standpoint of marketing communications, McDonalds directed its attention on developing a familiarity of the customers with its brand. McDonalds did not map much of jackpot media like advertising on television in India until the start of the 21st century. Till then, the marketing efforts of McDonalds paid emphasis on designing of the outlets, opening of new restaurants, and customization of its menus to the standards of Indian food. McDonalds India primarily got triumph in India through strategic advertising mea nt to develop the customers familiarity with the brand as well as use of traditional Indian spices on the typical McDonalds meals.Pepsi has always been popular in India and its popularity has only big(p) with the passage of time. Pepsi particularly realized the importance and influence of the Bollywood Film Industry on the people of India. Indians get down a craze to follow their stars and celebrities in all aspects, so food was no exception as well. In numerous television advertisements of Pepsi that have been on-air from time to time, Pepsi has been using Indian superstars like Priyanka Chopra and Kareena Kapoor to promote its product. not just this, Pepsi also has been closely examining the popular relationships of Indian superstars thinking that making the couples of get alongors from the Bollywood Film Industry act in its ads would have an even larger influence on the audiences and the idea actually worked. Another actually important realization by Pepsi was the popularity of cricket among

Free trade agreements' negative effects on U.S economic Assignment - 1

Free trading compacts contradict effects on U.S economic - Assignment prototypeThis forms the need to write this report. NAFTA is an utilisation of profession bloc in USA, which came into effect in January 1 1994. It is the largest trading bloc in the world and for this reason we invite used it as a basis of our argument. We have also used other trade deficits to back up our arguments.A free trade state is a form of integration in the countries represented. The countries enter to either a bilateral trade agreement or multilateral trade agreement. We shall define the meaning of the two different types of trade and give an example on each. USA has entered into a number of agreements with different countries for reasons such as boosting trade, gaining a wider market for its ruined and unfinished products among others. Trade barriers such as customs duty and tariffs have been removed facilitating free thrust of goods and service in the countries (Davidson 1990). Agreements such as NAFTA agreement that was precendented by United States Canada trade agreement has had twain(prenominal) positive and negative effects in the growth of economy of the country. In the next pages we shall look both at the positive impacts of trade agreements made by USA and dwell more on the negative impacts of the trade. We shall use the NAFTA agreement as the basis of our arguments and other trade deficits to backup these arguments. Also illustrations will be used to show the situation in the ground.Business free trade agreements are treaties made surrounded by two people or countries to remove barriers of trade between them. These barriers may include tariffs and taxes. These free trade agreements between countries also allow people to move freely with minimum or no restrictions in member countries. The business free trade agreements help in liberalization of international movement of goods and services across countries. Countries that have business free trade agreements sign a

Consumer behavior Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Consumer fashion - Essay ExampleHe feels that reverse engineering of the human brain entrust take limit by 2020 and then the inception of singularity go away be in 2045. Technology will prevail enough power to machines to be able to evolve them and continue evolving. This means by then they will be able to completely imitate the human brain. The need for information is never ending. Information is unfailing and timeless. Singularity will ensure that human mind will be surpassed by the development of bankrupt software consciousness. The transformation, he feels will be more beneficial than of harm to the world at large. I feel that the technology evolution as spoken by Ray Kurzweil would be evolutionary for the organizations and credit line world at large. It will succeed in automating the business process, in analyzing and taking futuristic decisions on its own.The foremost advantage of singularity for organizations would be that it will save time and will bring deck the cos ts of large corporations. Large firms cannot risk wasting their time in procedural maneuvers and unwanted delays. It will ensure quick processing of information and reduces the burden of paperwork. It is difficult to manage large firms without proper records, and so it will maintain work effectively with minimum chances of error. Such a system would strive for nonpareil it keeps track of its order.

Open Topic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Open bailiwick - Essay ExampleHaving this picture in mind as one would see fit or relevant, he may likely admit being overwhelmed at trying to rationalize from a political perspective which is mostly responsible on negotiating with this type of crisis. Along this line comes natural inquisition on the availability of feasible solutions and how they can be made capable in the long-term to chiefly hindquarters certain causes as high gasoline taxes, , war in the Middle East, civil and political unrests in nations involved, as well as insufficient number of refineries. Nevertheless since the end-users are consistently affected by the price adjustment on gasoline, it essentially matters to bring oneself in the scenario of maneuvering, no matter how implicitly, to effect a favorable balance. At his own rate, an ordinary consumer can for instance think of an alternative way of managing a personal task or operation without having to utilize an engine run by gas.

Simple Recipe Of Making Macaroni And Cheese Essay

Simple Recipe Of Making Macaroni And Cheese - taste ExampleThe only thing you should be aware of is that before making any dish you should continuously wash your hands and clean yourself so as not to contaminate the dish and make a healthy and chic one. After this process of approximately 15 minutes, you will have a yummy, fresh and ready to eat a meal of macaroni and cheese.The first and foremost step is to boil the macaroni and for that, you will carry to take a medium-sized pan and fill it with six cups of water. Make sure that the water does not hightail it out when the noodles are poured in the water. Place this pan over the equip and turn it to the highest temperature then grip for the water to boil. While waiting, use your time constructively and efficiently by gathering all the ingredients and utensils demand for this dish. This is done to make sure that they are on the counter, at hand ready to be employ when needed. The ingredients include a 1/4th cup of milk, 1/4 th cup of margarine, macaroni noodles from the box and cheese sauce mix which is also provided in the box. The utensils needed are a strainer for draining the macaroni after it is boiled. By this time, the water must have started boiling if large bubbles are constantly rising on the start of the pan. The process of boiling the water will probably take around s even so to ten minutes. in a flash put the dry noodles from the box into this pan of boiling water and keep stirring the noodles so they do not stick to the bottom of the pan. Make sure to use a plastic spoon and not a metal one to avoid the risk of burning your hand. Dont leave the stove unattended or else the macaroni might stick together or even become softened. You can even check the macaroni by tasting it and once it reaches the perfect texture and density, you can then drain it.

Nursing Concept Analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Nursing Concept Analysis - evidence ExampleIt is concerned with promoting, maintaining, and restoring wellness. Nurses ar committed to the goal of promoting an optimal level of functioning for all individuals, families and groups, thereby contributing to the health of the nation. It determines health status of individuals, families, and populations and makes clinical decisions regarding the appropriate action to be taken.It is important that the accommodate maintains the positions that aging is normal and is not related to disease. Age is a date in time and is influenced by many factors, including emotional and physical health, development stage, socioeconomic status, culture, and ethnicity. Ageism is a negative attitude ground on age. It leads to discrimination in the business given to the older adults. The nurse who demonstrates negative attitudes may idolatry of his own aging process or be misinformed about aging and the health worry subscribe to of the older adults. The c argon of the venerable is provided mostly in institution. Care for an individual adult is delivered in a variety of quite different settings (e.g. privately run breast feeding home or government institution).The care of the aged is called clinical gerontology or geriatrics .Besides the needs and problems concerned with the psychology and physiology of aging the kind aspect of aging a great challenge to the warmth profession especially the nurse.BackThis motif was done to explore the relationship between the dependency levels of older people who are part of the company nurses caseload and the volume and nature of nursing input required.Background. Healthcare policy has consistently emphasized the reorientation of health services from hospital to community care. It is necessary to determine ways to use nursing resources appropriately to come across service needs of an increasing older populationThere are various approaches to address caring for the older adults. These are1) Fami ly and welfare approach Many of the aged are reluctant to go to institutions for the care of the aged. Thus family care is encouraged. 2) Medical approach Many hospitals are now having special units for the care of the aged both in-patient and out-patient departments where health promotional and specific Nursing Concept Analysis 3preventive measures much(prenominal) as health examination for early diagnosis and treatment are provided.3) Community approach The elders are encouraged to participate in activities that are beneficial to health and to avoid those that are injurious.These approaches would enhance religious belief of older adults to their environment especially to the nursing care involved.Dignity may be defined as a concept that relates to basic humanity. Dignity consists of inherent and external dimensions, which are common for all valet de chambre and at the same time are unique for separately person, relating to social and cultural aspects. The attributes of preserv ing dignity are individualized care, control restored, respect, advocacy and sensitive listening.Method In order to establish an appropriate nursing care for older adults, a quantitative study was conducted using the Community Client Need miscellanea System. The community nursing team recorded the amount of care time spent with each individual client for over a 4-week period. Findings They were assessed in low and high

Collaborative Strategies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Collaborative Strategies - Essay ExampleThis also makes both the regions to engender nearthing to blighter each other with, like a familiarity having a head office in some other place and operations in another place, makes people of the other country feel about the come with more special, and thus it increases market share. It also gives an extra control to an origin or parent company over the collaborated company and its origin, also it plays some role in having better relations between not only both companies but also two countries and thus governments are involved in a positive manner.The collaborative arrangements abroad are to reduce overheads and costs, as initiating the operations on the personal expenses hindquarters bring a heavy investment and capital into action, which is also not secured, as no consistence knows what might be the preferences of the origin where the initiation would take place. The real problem that arises when the collaboration takes places betwe en a local and international arrangement is that at times, the international arrangement becomes more prominent and beneficial where as the local starts suffering as there might be a possibility that due to spicy cultural values the firm makes fair reputation abroad while having similar or sluice poorer reputation in the origin, this idler really affect the operations and can increase the worries of the decision makers. one(a) of the widely most methods used for collaboration between two different companies or even parties is licensing, which later on having more specialized form, known as franchising, however there are few differences between the two but they have more similarities as they both are used as a study form of collaboration. In licensing, the problem that occurs is on the side of the origin company, as if it would issue license to some other party than the party can start providing the service or products under the parent companys name, with having no concerns on following the instructions of parent company, they can also set the entire fixture and think things according to their own will, this can cause the parent company to have a poor enter at times if the licenser has not taken any care of the original standards followed by the parent company. In franchising, the problem gets opposite, as now the franchisee has to follow the instructions of the parent company in a inexorable manner, even the fixtures and the materials used in the product are same all around the globe in accordance to the parent companys will, in this case the franchisee gets worried as failure to maintain the real standards can lead to the cancellation of the franchise agreement. As long as we let the cat out of the bag about business, than it automatically takes us to talk about individual objectives, which lead to problems. There are numerous problems occurring in the collaborative arrangements such as having more concerns on the partnership rather than private ope rations, controlling problem as both of the parties have merely some control on each others work which can result in trade views, also the personal objectives come first which can make both the parties apart and also cultural differences can occur, which are a major issue as there have been various firms

Business Policy Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Business Policy - Assignment ExampleKG).Swan Malaysia Sdn Bhd is sensation of the three business facilities of the Schwan-STABILO Group that guarantee the best materials and resources, workmanship and experienced staff (Swan Malaysia Sdn Bhd).It is the goal of this paper to analyze the exceptional external environment of STABILO Malaysia or the Swan Malaysia Sdn Bhd subsidiary as an aid to better business policy. hard-hitting management and evaluation tools such as the PEST Analysis, The Porters Five Forces Analysis, the Competitor Analysis and the Market bowel movement Analysis will all be done in this particular case.The external environment may seem out of companys control as the political, economic, social and technological climate are determined by outside factors, but the responsibility to forecast, adjust and reconcile the companys direction to them is within the companys scope and capability.Political. Malaysia espouses the Parliamentary democracy, with a constitutional monarch, the King of Malaysia as the head of state and the government administration divided among the Executive, Judicial and legislative branches (Malaysian Administrative Modernisation and Management Planning Unit, 2010).The countr The countrys judiciary in Malaysia is said to be not commutative as there seems to be excessive influence of the executive over the judiciary, especially in politically motivated cases thus foreigners cannot be guaranteed an impartial trial from the countrys judiciary (Alibaba.com, 2008). As to tax rates, the coutnry requires to Value Added assess (VAT), but there is a sales tax which is normally at 5%, except for cigaret which is taxed 25% and wine and beer which is taxed at 20% (Alibaba.com, 2008). For corporation, capital gains tax range from 0% to 28% (Alibaba.com, 2008). Economic. Malaysia is one of the growing economies in Asia. Although it posted a -2.8% proceeds rate in 2010 its inflation rate was arrest at 0.4% in the same year (IndexMun di, 2010). Malaysia Ringgit is a relatively strong currency, which is currently exhcanged for 3.26 to 1.00 USD compared to Philippines 45.9 to 1.00 USD (http//www.xe.com, 2010). Malaysias competitive be surged to 10th compared to 18th a year ago as the country benefited from strong demand from Asia as well as implementation of efficient policies, especially government policies (Sidhu, 2010). Investment banker attributes the leap from the governments strong lading to reshapre the countrys competitive landscape (Sidhu, 2010). The ranking which was based from four main criteria including economic performance, governmen efficiency, business, efficiency and infrastructure is evaluate to boost the countrys private investment (Sidhu, 2010).Social. The country currently houses 28.96 million individuals, with a projected average growth rate of 1.6% per year, a figure which is lower than the previous years and is primarily attributed Malaysians decision to delay conjugation and pursue high er education and career advancement (Malaxi.com, 2010 cited in Department of statistic and economic planning unit). 63.6% of the people is from 15-64 years old, 31.7% aged

Summarize the teaching and work on application from the Bible, book 1 Research Paper

Summarize the teaching and work on application from the Bible, book 1 Timothy (only chapter 1) - Research Paper ExampleAt issue are the men who are stray from the gospel of salvation by faith in messiah Jesus. Pauls treatment of domineering issues related to the law are more fully expounded in Romans and Galatians (and assuming he is the author, the book of Hebrews), entirely he uses a short banter of the Law as a springboard to shift the discussion to its proper place, salvation by faith. Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners, among whom I am firstly of all. And yet for this reason I found mercy, in order that in me as the foremost, Jesus Christ might demonstrate His perfect patience, as an example for those who would believe in Him for eternal life. (1 Tim 115-16) In other words, if Paul can find salvation in Christ, he who persecuted and killed believers, anyone can. Starting in indite 4, Paul explains the goal of pastoral care furthering the administration of Go d which is by faith.

Assisted Suicide Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Assisted suicide - search ExampleA suit open way to deal with the matter is increased participation and involvement of the presidency in the cases of assist suicide, to discourage the patient and the families from going for aided suicide and provide them with medical wait on and resources to reduce the load on the patient and the family. why Assisted Suicide should be Illegalized There argon innumerable justifiable and reasonable arguments against assisted suicide. Firstly, it is a murder from the religious perspective. Secondly, there ar numerous past cases in which the family members regret having led the patient to assisted suicide. Thirdly, there are always chances of recovery. Proponents of the assisted suicide criticize the illegalization of assisted suicide considering it driven by the religious beliefs of the people in power. However, the or so current opposition coalitions include many people and organizations whose opposition is based on their progressive politics . Among those are disability rights groups many nationally prominent disability rights organizations oppose the legalization of assisted suicide (Why Assisted Suicide). We live in a democratic society where everybody has a right to live. In this context, assisted suicide is subjugation of the rights of the person who is being killed. Even if the consent of the patient is involved, it mostly happens because of the family constrict upon the patient. In an attempt to get free from their responsibility, family members tend to induce negative feelings and emotions in the patient that predate him/her to opting for the assisted suicide. Brian Johnston is an anti-euthanasia activist. In his book, he writes, In addition to their own emotional needs, it is the family and friends, more than anyone else, who will regularise the mood and mindset of the patient. They may, even unwittingly, reinforce negative thoughts and attitudes. (Johnston 17). In a vast majority of cases, assisted suicide o f a family member leaves the rest of the family particularly the parents with a life-long trauma and guilt. They are not able to forgive themselves for being so selfish at a point in time masking in their life when they got rid of their loved one when even the personal consent and will of the departed was not involved. In certain cases, assisted suicide of one family members leads to subsequent suicides committed by the illegal conscious family members. According to a research conducted by the UK Voluntary Euthanasia Society (VES) in 2003, at least 30 per cent of the suspects of assisted suicide commit suicide. Deborah Annetts, the chief executive of VES says that the number of sufferers is oftentimes greater than the 30 per cent statistic of the suicide committers (Impact of Euthanasia). Proposal to Reduce the Cases of Assisted Suicide The government should form a committee to look after the cases of assisted suicide to make sealed that most of the patients are saved from bein g killed. The government should deem all such cases of assisted suicide illegal in which the consent of the patient is not involved. In cases where the consent of the patient is involved, once the family as well as the patient have given their consent to go for the assisted suicide, the case should be referred to the committee. The committee should extend help to the patient to make him/her aware of the possible effects of assisted s

Government Regulation of Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Government Regulation of Abortion - Essay ExampleWhen the headway of rights is brought up, there are perpetually points and counterpoints flung across the table. Rights have become the epitome of our existence on iodin(a) hand and also the topic of many a coffee table conversation on the other. Besides, if one claims the right to exist, one wonders if the corollary is thought of - how would one exist Perhaps, another very compelling question would be the fact that a arrest has to bring forth a life and ensure its sustainability. Therefore, the question of stillbirth has to be viewed not just from the point of the unborn infant, but also from the viewpoint of the mother and others associated with the newborn.A discussion on abortion and its relevance in American society would be incomplete without a reference to Roe v. Wade, the all-important case that gave all pro-choice supporters a boost. The United States Supreme hook upheld the view that a mother could abort her foetus up to a point at which the fetus becomes viable (410 U.S. 113, 1973). Here the court described viability at around 24 weeks of pregnancy. A art object from this, the court also mentioned that the mother could choose to abort a fetus, if she had reason to believe that her physical health was in jeopardy. This landmark purpose has led to heated debates and not much of an end in sight. the Issue Legalized abortion has become the nigh hashed-over political and theological debate in a nation devoted to debates. (Baird & Rosenbaum, 2001).Political & religious thoughts on abortionIt is difficult to isolate politics from religion. The two are so closely intertwined that very frequently what is a political statement, might sound the likes of a deeply religious one. There is a very fine line that can be drawn between religion and politics and it is a commonly accepted fact that this has been the position from time immemorial. Though abortions have been legalized in most states in the US, the re are constant dissensions on the issue that flare up into major verbal as well as physical clashes. It would be relevant to mention here that political parties have always had to face the questions raised by pro-life as well as pro-choice voters as part of their political campaigns. As an election issue, it is just as important as the amount of federal property that is being spent on the defence services and probably more so when an election is imminent, as the situation right now is. When the subject of discussion and debate is a contentious one like abortion, political parties try to project a very unified view however, their credibility on their spatial relation is always at stake. It is commonly believed that Republicans are pro-life and would like to see Roe v. Wade relegated to the clog pages of legal history. John McCain, for instance, has been a consistent pro-lifer since 1984. (Head, 2008). The Democrat viewpoint is generally one of pro-choice. However, a recent report on the views of Barack Obama on the issue recounts his commitment to take constructive measures to reduce the spell of abortions in the country (Chicago Tribune, 2008). This seemingly near-pro-life attitude has led to the formation of a Catholic group that believes that voting for a supposedly pro-choice

“The Vanishing Red” †Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

The Vanishing Red Robert Frost EssayThe images in the poem The Vanishing Red by poet Robert Frost stay with a reader for many years. The narrative of a slaying and the starling imagery of the swot all play into the tenacity of this poem and lend to its lasting quality as a piece of substantial literature of the twentieth century. This is at odds with the explicated narrative of the poem, which instead describes a short(p) nation that makes its way on the broken backs and death of a pile it is quick to forget. The act of forgetting is operant in lines 9 through 13 You cant get back and see it as he saw it. / Its too long a story to go into now. / Youd harbour to have been there and lived it. / Then you wouldnt have looked on it as safe a subject field / Of who began it between the two races. In these lines Frost adamantly states that the murder of the last red man, the Native American in the poem, stands for the act of the entire history of the colonization of the United St ates. He talks about the acts of onslaught between one side and the other with a cautious understatement in the words just a matter.The befool truth of the matter is that the milling machine, standing point in the poem as the American Government, is a murderer and makes no compunction about what he does. This is attested to in lines 6 and 7, Whose businessif I take it on myself / Whose businessbut why talk round the barn? / When its just that I hold with getting a thing done with? The fact he is the miller, in keep in line of the place of the act, combines with the amount of control he holds over other by refusing to license them to laugh. These powers are tantamount(predicate) to the amount of control the government holds over its people.The people being controlled in this work are given only the faintest shadow of recognition as individuals. They are introduced as The man with the repast sack deplete in line 27. The man who does not get what is said but leaves, content to let the Miller go on with business as he sees fit, since he has a sack full of meal over his shoulder. The government has fed the people, however, there is clear indication that the people will have nearly concern later with the choice of the word then tacked on, as if an arbitrary afterthought.A hungry people, be it for food, money, land, or change, are less likely to question their government than those who are content. The choice of the Mill as the location of the murder leads the reader into the heart of the Frosts understanding of what was occurring at the judgment of conviction that the people allowed such horrific things to occur. The Mill, with its general noise and large turning wheels, grinding away not only the grains but also now bone and blood, stands as a monument to the revolution of industry.The images of the salmon and sturgeon, likewise flopping in the water, though not truly there, behave as a two-fold force. They are both other dying forces of nature as old as the Native American man, and at the same time they are strong and beautiful creatures that yearly fling themselves into the maw of death in an attempt to stick around their species. Like the salmon and the sturgeon the Vanishing Red falls to the exploitation of the White capitalist government without a bid of foul from the onlookers.Throughout the poem Frost uses language ripe with symbolic meaning to address the murder of a people and the silence of a new nation that watched it happen. While Red is often seen as a derogatory term for Native Americans when this poem is studied at length it is quite clear that the culprit and the true beast is the Miller and the silent man.

Of Mice and Men Main Question Essay Example for Free

Of Mice and Men Main Question set aboutThe question we be focussing on throughout the whole essay, which is the main theme, is whether Curleys wife is a dupe in the story or a redact. The two different sides of Curleys wife are hard to ingest in Steinbecks Mice and Men, as she tends to swap roles from time to time. At points in the story we film reason to en combine that that she is a victim, from the way she feels about Curley and her unattained future, which I will explore further on in the essay. I will also put across my points on how she can be a corrupting tramp by exploring her physical appearance, body language and other characters opinions of her. From Steinbecks letter we can see that she couldnt really trust any one and only(a) from a young age beca office every time she trusted in anyone she got appal. This shows her innocent side. There are not many points in Steinbecks letter that show that she is a corrupting tramp as he tends to mainly focus on her innocen t side and he goes through all the times she got hurt and why she got hurt. I will now go on to explain my points in further detail.In this section I will explain how Curleys wife could be an innocent victim in her action and in the eyes of others. She is the victim of the American Dream, her desire to go to Hollywood and be an actress, which was a ambitiousness that she could not fulfil because of her find denying her to leave at such a young age. On knave 125 she proves that she really could have been an actress by the text stated She made a small railway yard gesture with her arm and hand to show that she could act. The fingers trailed after her leading wrist, and her minuscular finger stuck out grandly from the rest. This small quote shows how talented she could have been and it makes you feel heartbroken that she couldnt fulfil her dream. From then on she has been chopfallen and cannot trust anyone, this shows her innocent side.She was told by a man that he could put her in the movies she was thrilled as she wanted to be a famous actress and be sexy manage Jean Harlow and Marilyn Monroe but when her mother said she couldnt go she opted for an easier option to get out of where she was by marrying Curley. She says in the text on knave 125 I dont like curley, he aint a nice fella which proves that she was forced to get wed to him as it was the last option. Because Curley was the easiest and possibly the last option, he didnt actually love her and just wanted to use her. She knew this and even though he treated her badly, she couldnt leave him as she did love him.Even if she didnt she had nowhere else to go so she was basi weepy trapped in her own home. Her life with Curley is miserable which makes her even more confounded about not being able to fulfil her dream and have freedom. In the story she confesses to Lennie the one thing that shes never confessed to anyone, that she doesnt actually like Curley and that she cant escape for fear of what mig ht happen. You can see from this that she just needs someone to talk to as she is so lonely and cant really disclose or talk to Curley about anything.The people on the ranch give her the same amount of complaisance that Curley does. When they call her or see her around the ranch they dont associate her with her own name, to them shes just Curleys wife and they call her Jailbait and Good looking. You can tell she gets frustrated by having no one to talk to when she gets angry on page 123 and says Whats the matter with me? Aint I got a right to talk to nobody? Whatta they think I am anyways? In the story we dont even find out what her name is which shows how much attention she gets for her looks instead of her disposition which is where she wants most attention. From this we can see that she just wants someone to talk to.On the other hand in that location are main features we can see in the text that describe her to seem like a corrupting tramp. Looking at the way Steinbeck descri bes her physical appearance we can see how at outgrowth impressions she would come across as sluttish. For a pass over, he describes her outfit. On page 53 when she beginning appears the first impression would definitely come across as tramp- like as he says She had full rouge lips and wide spaced eyes, heavily made up. Her fingernails were red. She wore a cotton dress and red mules. On the insteps of which were little bouquets of red ostrich feathers. The dress and feather shoes give us a glance of how she wants to emphasise her body and her legs and its almost like shes trying to prove that she could be a famous model and have pictures taken of her if shed have had the chance to.The colour of the dress and shoes are red which project danger as we usually approach red as a threatening colour. So from the start we can she that she is going to be trouble for George and especially Lennie due to previous circumstances with him and a girl. Her whisker is described as ringlets like s ausages which is good use of foreshadowing as Lennie is described as an animal, and nutrient is used as bait for animals therefore she literally is Jailbait. She wears lots of makeup to accentuate her facial features this is other reason why she could be a corrupting tramp.The first time she walks into the ranch she leans against the door and leans send to show off her body to Lennie and George, on page 53 Steinbeck states She put her hands behind her backwards and leaned against the door frame so that her body was thrown forward. With her accentuated make up and clothing she fails to receive a notice for her feelings and for her emotions and they only concentrate on the way she looks which tells George from the start that she is going to be trouble as she throws herself forward too much for attention. In the way she speaks you can hear the sexiness and huskiness of her voice, as described on page 53 when Steinbeck says Her voice had a nasal, brittle quality which shows us that she wants to allure people or entrance them.To conclude I think it is important to include the death slam where Steinbeck describes her as being free and innocent after her death. He describes her in a child like form and finally being beautiful and achieving everything she needed to achieve because she was just in the wrong frame at the wrong time. This really finalises my decision for her being innocent because it shows that she really wasnt ever, or didnt ever specify to be, a corrupting tramp. Her excuse for wearing slutty and provocative clothes could be because she wanted love and meat which she couldnt get from her own, broken relationship with Curley. She was just in the wrong place at the wrong time, and it wasnt her fault. My terminal is that I think she is innocent because of previous points that I have made and stated.

Book binding Essay Example for Free

Book cover EssayOBJECTIVES2. OBJECTIVESThe term binding is some condemnations employ to describe the cover of a hold back. For example, you might refer to a bulk as having a binding of leather, or being bound in linen. But binding also means the act of attaching some a(prenominal) pages to one another to produce a book. Bookbinding is a very old craft and the techniques used in hand-binding befool hardly changed over the centuries. Mechanization has changed the way most books are made but hand-bound books whitewash use the same the techniques and equipment. As a craft, bookbinding plays an important role in the production of artists books, the preservation of ex books, and in training for fine arts students. As a commercial process, bookbinding plays a role in the lives of any consumer who picks up a book or magazine. Advances in commercial bookbinding techniques have greatly change the cost, and therefore accessibility, of printed material all over the world. IT 3. WHAT DID YOU DO TO ORGANIZE ITA prior permission has been taken from the Teacher-in-Charge of our institution to perform the work.Eight students of class VIII, Sec A are selected to participate with me. The Biology science lab of this institution has been selected as the working place. I first told the students the procedure of book binding Stapling and Sewing The compile papers exactly the same sized are piled them up. Then staple down/sewed on one edge. Gluing A white paper paste, or library paste, is good for most purposes. Covering every book will be enormously improved if it has some kind of a cover. The cover doesnt have to be cloth or cardboard or particularly heavy.emailprotected com 1 BOOK BINDING CONTRBUTIONS4. CONTRBUTIONS exploit I directed as well as helped the students how to prepare for such works. MY HEAD TEACHER He encouraged and motivated me to perform the work. He also helped me by inspiring the students also. He also helped me by granting a frolicd for that. MENTOR The Principal, Prof. D. P. Nag Chowdhury of the College, Shimurali Sachinandan College of Education was the mentor who helped me mentally as well as providing printed materials to do the work.The Director of the workshop, Prof Trishna Goswami as well as the Coordinator, Prof. S. R. Adhikari of the College, Shimurali Sachinandan College of Education, P. O. Shimurali, District Nadia also helped me in many ways. A book binder of that locality also helped various ways to make successful this work. CTIVITY 5. return OF THE ACTIVITYStudents cornerstone bind books at home following these simple instructions. This is so simple that the students themselves can make them for the joy of learning science.It can encourage them in publishing business. PERSONAL6. YOUR PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS Students shortlisted the materials from their book or as directed that are needed to perform the work. Sheets of paper for binding into a book, gussy up folder, Studio Tac double-sided adhes ive, Heavyweight papers for end pages, Pencil, Jade glue, Paint brush, Headband tape, Craft knife, Binders board (acid-free), Book canvas, Iron-on convert paper (optional)are collected by the students from their homes and market. Then emailprotectedcom 2 BOOK BINDING they started the work following the book binding procedure as stated. My students enjoyed this very much and many of them tried this on their own. EXPERIENCES Teaching children almost the publishing business entails to a greater extent than than writing stories and creating characters. In fact, you can turn any English lesson into a crafts project by introducing children to bookbinding activities. DIFFICULTIES Manipulatives and experiments are teaching aids that the children are allowed to play with and touch.Hence it was a time consuming process. FROM7. FEED BACK FROM STUDENTS The participants were fully satisfied and wished such programme to be of more and more so that they could update their knowledge activi ty. This is the spirit of teaching and learning. With hands on activities they acquire first-hand knowledge which inspires them to come after the field of publishing to become successful who is the wealth of a nation. COLLEAGUES They highly appreciated such activities more and more so that the students can easily understand their lessons.The students can test these works without any guardianship of cost or breakage. This is so simple that the students themselves can make them for the joy of learning science. Teaching children bookbinding is a way for them to become part of this long tradition of book arts in a fun and imaginative way. MENTOR He thanked me so that I have done the work accordingly in involvement with my students in my institution. This will be proved very useful in rural and urban schools as well. ************* emailprotected com 3

Hawthorne studies Essay Example for Free

Hawthorne studies EssayA student of science conducts a enquiry contain in rescript to test a hypothesis or a theory. He/she is guided by a trouble and or questions that he/she hopes to answer in order to refute or confirm existing suppositious constructs. A research study is an application of the scientific method and a tec delves into that with a knack of predetermined hypotheses. There are many ways of conducting researches but experiments are the most applic equal to(p) if the study seeks to establish cause and effect. The Hawthorne studies started out with the purpose to prove that lighting in the workroom had an effect on player productivity (Ballantyne, 2000). Although the motivation for conducting the research was utilitarian it however forever changed the concept of management and gave birth to the Hawthorne progeny. The insights I gained from digesting the Hawthorne studies were that a research study does non necessarily confirm our research assumptions (Fawcett Downs, 1999).Conducting a research is actually like wading into a pool full of disparate objects and sometimes what we find is not what we are looking for. It is important to maintain objectivity and we must not force or clue our discussions and findings towards supporting our hypothesis if we truly want to be scientific and maintain academic integrity. Another amour I learned was that even if we are guided by a research problem that we wishing to answer, it is how we measure and manipulate the variants that we want to explore dictates the results that the study yields.In the Hawthorne studies on lighting and work productivity, although the variable degree of illumination was manipulated to test whether work output increased, the relationship was not established because the researchers was not able to identify beforehand that the presence of the researchers was an extraneous variable (Levine Parkinson, 1994) hence the concept of the Hawthorne effect which referred to the pheno menon where the presence of the researcher corrupts the results of the experiment.Lastly, the Hawthorne studies demonstrated that even the most rigorous experiments or study has limitations and anyone who wishes to conduct experiments must recognize in the outset what the limitations of his/her study are.

Nuclear Weapon Testing Essay Example for Free

Nuclear Weapon scrutiny EssayNuclear Weapons testing have realized radiation into the environs. These tests have always been justified as necessary for national security. According to me, I disagree because if a nation allows nuclear weapons testing in its ground, then it should be ready for the aftermath repercussion, which is quite devastating. There is need to avoid using nuclear weapons for a nations security at the expense of its semiprivate citizens. Non-nuclear weapons can instead be used since they be less be and just benefits. Risks of Nuclear WeaponsAccording to Regina (2004), nuclear weapons testing pose environmental and world-wide threats especially to the commonwealth surrounding the nuclear testing plant. The following highlights be the risks The explosion of nuclear device spreads lethal radioactive materials similar dynamite (dirty bomb) which contaminates the region and will remain in the ecosystem for years. This causes cancer risks done drinking o f contaminated water. During nuclear weapon is testing, the major effects are either direct or indirect.Direct in the sense that it results to blast effects including production of flying debris and indirect in the sense that structures collapse especially when near a residential buildings or highly populated region. The population is then exposed to direct radiant energy and the thermal effect leading to permanent burn down and traumatized population. A practical example is what happened in Hiroshima and Nagasaki during Second World War. It has a permanent effect to the environment leading to increased cancer rates, organ damage, conjoined twins birth system and genetic modifications. unintended launches due to false alarms can cause two counties to use the nuclear weapons accidentally leading to citizenry destruction and loss of life. The effects of nuclear testing can go as far as across its borders to neighboring countries. For example the on Aug. 2, 1987, the explosion at the Novaya Zemlya test site in the Russian Arctic produced radioactivity that was detected in Scandinavia (Glasstone, 2003). Benefits of non-nuclear weapons for national security Basically, using non-nuclear weapons in advantageous The costs of nuclear weapons are very high as compared to non-nuclear weapons.Hence these resources could substantially be used for former(a) developmental issues for the country. They do not pose environmental risks to the private citizens and state hence a strong nation. Non-nuclear weapons reflects reduction of tension between two nations hence improves their relations especially between the state and private citizens. Nuclear weapons powers have qualitative constraints as compared to the quantitative cuts of their arsenals Measures like total ban should be hypothesize by global treaties against nuclear weapons that should Pressurize countries to forgo the process nuclear launches. Build confidence and prove the growing conviction about the in effectiveness of nuclear armaments for the security of nations. Improve safety and security by dint of the international monitoring network in nuclear stations. Basing on the current global security realities countries should bring up with well-formulated policy to ban the use of nuclear weapons especially to the countries that have high nuclear arsenals like USA, Russia Pakistan and India (Hurst, et al, 2005).In conclusion, nuclear weapons do not contribute to the security of a nation but are of self-aggression and destruction therefore, they should be completely abolished to avoid their further imminent threat. REFERENCES Glasstone, S. The Effects of Nuclear Weapons, Revised Edition, pertly York U. S. Atomic Energy Commission Press, 2003. Hurst, G. et al. Nuclear delivery systems deployments and developments Making of U. S. Policy, New York Rutledge, 2005. Regina, C. Security with Nuclear Weapons? capital of the United Kingdom Oxford University Press, 2004.

Ethical Dilemma Essay Example for Free

Ethical Dilemma testifyWhat Dr. Schneider is doing by putting crowns on teeth that could be treated with two bulge out amalgams is wrong. It is obvious that she is doing this to ontogenesis revenues during a downturn in her financial condition related to her divorce. Two surface amalgams have a long history for uptake for fillings for decayed areas of teeth and for general repairs of chipped or cracked teeth. Although its use is declining in the U. S. it remains the first choice for posterior direct restorations. (1) Other bonding techniques are now creation employed by dentists in lieu of two surface amalgams that are gaining in popularity for esthetic reasons and because they use no toxic metals such as mercury. To crown a tooth requires a dentist to grind away all of the adorn of the tooth so a crown can be put on the rest dentine layer of the tooth. This procedure is six to seven times more expensive than two surface amalgams or other bonding techniques to repair tee th. A general rule in dentistry is that you stay fresh as much enamel on a tooth as possible. So Dr.Schneider is not only playacting a procedure that is unnecessary and expensive but is detrimental to the patient because a tooths enamel is being destroyed needlessly. Sharon should discuss this with Dr. Schneider and tell her that this improper, unethical and not in the best interests of the patient. If Dr. Schneider persists in this unethical practice then Sharon should threaten to resign and report Dr. Schneider to the American Dental Association and appropriate utter licensing agents.(1) http//www. bethesda. med. navy. mil/careers/postgraduate_dental_school/comprehensive_dentistry/Pearls/Pearlsc6. htm

The Penitent Thief Essay Example for Free

The Penitent Thief EssayOne of the crucified criminals began to hurl abuse at Him, saying, Arent you the saviour? Save yourself and us.-But the other one, rebuking him, replied, Dont you even fear God, since youre under the same condemnation? And we indeed justly, for we be acquire what we deserve. But this man has done nothing out of push through. Then he said, Jesus, remember me when you come in your kingdom. Jesus said to him, I solemnly decl be to you, today you bequeath be with me in Paradise. brownish (1976) noted that the story is peculiar of Luke. At first both robbers scoffed. They blasphemed the Holy One (Matthew 2744 Mark 1532).Then Lukes account shows to us that One of the crucified criminals began to hurl abuse at Him, saying, Arent you the Christ? cod morenight market essay pt3 Save yourself and us v. 39. It was one of the crucified criminals, that was hardened to the last. Near to the insure of Christ, he railed on him, as others did. -But the other one, re buking him, replied, Dont you even fear God, since youre under the same condemnation? This shows the spiritual rebirth of the thief upon the dun, here Christ was crucified between two thieves, and in them were represented the different effects which the cross of Christ would have upon the children of men, to whom it would be brought near in the urgeing of the gospel. They were all criminals, all guilty onwards God. Now the cross of Christ is to some a savoir of life unto life, to others of expiry unto death. To them that perish it is foolishness, but to them that are saved it is the wisdom of God and the power of God (Henry,1991).Here we can see the extraordinary clothe of God operating in the heart of the other criminal. For a short time his conversion was straightforward with the following turn of events when He rebuked his partner, and admitted his own guilt. Furthermore, he even admitted that he and his partner plenteousy deserved the terrible death on the cross And we indeed justly, for we are getting what we deserve. Let us name notice that he does not say, You indeed justly, but We. Note, that true penitents acknowledge the justice of God in all the punishments of their sin. Then we can see him confessing Jesus, But this man has done nothing out of place Hendricksen, Williams (1979) explained that the other criminal who confessed Jesus had added his own testimony with respect to Christs innocence to all the other quasi(prenominal) testimonies that had already been declared (by Pilate and Herod). God has done right, but we have done wickedly. The short account showed us that the penitent thief or criminal not only rebuked his partner, admitted his guilt, and confessed Jesus as Innocent One. He did one more thing Then he said, Jesus, remember me when you come in your kingdom (v. 42).Barnes (1997) mentioned that this is a phrase praying for favor, or asking him to grant him an interest in his kingdom. It implied that he believed that Jesus was what he claimed to be-the christ that, though he was dying with them, yet he would set up his kingdom and that he had full power to bless him, though about to expire. It is possible that this man might have heard him preach before his crucifixion, and have learned there the nature of his kingdom or it may have been that trance on the cross Jesus had taken occasion to acquaint them with the nature of his kingdom.When the penitent thief spill the beans of Christs coming, it is impossible now to fix the precise idea which this penitent criminal had in mind. Whether it was that he anticipate that he would rise from the dead, as some of the Jews supposed the Messiah would or whether he referred to the Day of understanding or whether to an immediate translation to his kingdom in the heavens, we cannot tell. All that we know is, that he fully believed him to be the Messiah, and that he desired to obtain an interest in that kingdom which he knew he would establish. The promise which fol lows shows that this requester was answered and that Jesus is here assuring those who come to Him in repentance. Though it also tells us of His triumph everywhere death in the cross Jesus said to him, I solemnly declare to you, today you will be with me in Paradise(v.43).This was a case of repentance in the last hour, the trying hour of death and it has been remarked that one was brought to repentance there, to show that no one should despair on a dying make do and but one, that none should be presumptuous and delay repentance to that awful moment. By this word we are given to understand that Jesus Christ died to open the kingdom of heaven to all penitent good believers.BIBLIOGRAPHYBarnes and Nobles.1997.Luke 23. Barnes Notes, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1997 byBiblesoftBrown, David. 1976. The Four Gospels. USA The Banner of Truth TrustHendriksen, William. 1984. youthful Testament Commentary The Gospel of Luke. Great BritainMackays of Chatham Ltd.Henry, Matthew.1991.Luke 23.Matthew Henrys Commentary on the Whole Bible rude(a) Modern Edition, Electronic Database. Copyright (c) 1991 by Hendrickson Publishers,Inc.

Reviewing my Christian service charity activity Essay Example for Free

Reviewing my Christian service charity workivity Essay1) Identify the details on your Christian service Where? When? How? For whom?My Christian service was at the Markham Food Bank near Main Street, Unionville. I volunteered during May 21st, where I was star of the only few pack who got up in the early morning in order to production the initiative to serve the community as well as Christ. By packaging and organizing nutriment for the worthless(prenominal), we were parcel the less favored people of Markham, who visit the food bank as a means of obtaining food. 2) somewhat of the Ontario Catholic School Graduate Expectations that I examined in my grade ten year were Recognizing there is much grace in our world than sin and that hope is essential in facing all challenges intellection reflectively and creatively to evaluate situations and solve problems Setting appropriate goals and priorities in school, work and personal smell Thinking critically about the meaning and pu rpose of workOne specific expectation that relate directly with my service work this semester was relating to family members in a loving, compassionate and respectful manner. I gave the same image of effort and care into the poor people who needed my help, essentially making them a part of my blanket(a) family. I tried demonstrating compassion and rage towards them with my hard put effort in organizing, packaging, and sort an assortment of different food for them.I also contributed to the common good by helping these poor people. In modern society, most people would bypass on the less fortunate people of our communities without pass all aid. These types of inconsiderate people are not supporting the common good of our world. By ignoring and dishonouring Gods cunning creations, we are directly going against God himself. Thereby, my actions in helping these poor people are an act to expand and establish common good in our community.THINKING3) The Golden Rule, Do unto others a s you would provoke them do unto you is a theme that is demonstrated in Hinduism, Buddhism, Sikhism, Judaism, Islam, and Christianity. In two paragraphs, answer the following questions as they pertain to the Christian Service work that you have completed during this semester. Analyse how your Christian servicea) Promotes military personnel high-handednessMy Christian service promotes valet dignity because I am restoring pride and hope in the hearts and minds of the poor by helping them carry out a normal, everyday life. The less fortunate suffer everyday due to their lack of money, homes, and as well as gentle essentials. They are sometimes abused verbally and physically by those that think they are superior than them, which causes them to lose their righteous human dignity. By providing these people would proper food and water, I restore a small portion of their dignity as a human being. They should not feel low or bad to have to distinguish to us for help, because that is wh at we do for each other. In this essence, I am able to help promote human dignity through my services at the Markham Food Bank.b) Challenges any personal religious and/or hearty biases.Often people in society do not associate with other people or help them out because they think that they are not on the same social status as the other. These social biases are particularly true with homeless people who seem to be suffering to a greater extent and more solely due to their social status. These judgemental remarks make it even more difficult for these poor people to obtain food and get jobs. Therefore, through my Christian service, I am challenging the boundary of any social biases by offering free food packaged and boxed for the poor and suffering in our communities.APPLICATION4) In a paragraph, demonstrate how your Christian service fulfills some aspect(s) of the incarnate works of Mercy.My Christian service perfectly fulfills the first Corporal Works of Mercy that is to persist the hungry. By going to the food bank, and packaging/organizing a variety of food in boxes for the poor people, I am helping to feed the hungry people of our society. All these less fortunate people wait in line everyday in order to be fed, and I was just fortunate enough to have the opportunity to be able to help serve the poor by providing their food. Therefore, my Christian service successfully fulfills this aspect of the Corporal Works of Mercy.5) In a paragraph, evaluate the effect your Christian service has had on your moral and your combine organic evolution.This Christian service has indeed had a significant impact on my moral and faith development this semester. By experiencing the difficulty of getting up so early in the morning and going through traffic in order to arrive to the food bank, I realized the level of dedication and love these people must have to come out there every day to help less fortunate civilians. Furthermore, I learned that I should never look down on s omeone simply because they are not as blessed us, rather I should be more compassionate and reasonableness of these people. Not only that, but the simple fact that there is such an organization out there, such as the Markham Food Bank, that serves free boxes of food for the poor and less fortunate, makes me truly believe that God exists and he only wants good in our world.

Social Media and Politics Essay Example for Free

affable Media and Politics EssaySAbstracta) PurposeThe chase search wallpaper seeks to understand if accessible media dejection be utilise as an impressive spear in politics b) Design/Methodology/ApproachThe problem was structured by analyzing the behavior of the stakeholders utilize a systems approach. The analysis of the model revealed a set of feedback loops operating in the system identified as responsible for the complexity of the problem situation relating to politicsal activism. The study employs various research regularitys such as systematic method that purposes falsifiable model in analyzing if the semi semi semipolitical booking is due to causative family between online activity and result orientation. It also uses Qualitative case study method where cases of varied countries argon studied and the data gathered is checked against the theoretical framework in placec) FindingsThe research revealed that as the number of net user increases with greate r accessibility and usability of social media will facilitate political participation.d) functional implicationsThe research findings is however skeptical ab turn out these revolution was organized online using social media. affectionate media give the gate be utilise as low cost medium for organizing but it fuck be used to transform individuals and cannot guarantee the political empowerment of individuals for future. From the analysis of the various country cases also reveals that social media helped in roleplaying down the authoritarianism but could not help in forming strong political ties that can be used in the reconstruction of the nation in the path of democracyINTRODUCTION kind media argon group of applications that runs on internet build using web 2.0 technologies. It allows users to generate contented which can be exchanged. kindly media applications include blogs, social networking, file and photo sharing. Example Facebook, Orkut, chitter, YouTube, Flickr, Slid esh ar, MySpace etc. Launched in 2004, Facebook has much than 900 zillion users world coarse while twitter has 500 million accounts Traditionally social capital was built found on strong ties and mutual trust between individuals. But now, social media has brought structural changes to the man sphere. It has become a main source of personal orientation, anonymous interactivities and social communities. With the emergence of IT, weak ties are create online followed by profit, trust and experience sharing giving birth to online political communities and social media activists. We are in a smart phone era where everyone wants to be a field reporter.The reach of tralatitious media is on decline and increased use of internet provides cyberspace as a platform that facilitates political communication. Although this media was designed for personal communication, in modern times has been used as political gumshoe. Political speeches, demonstrations are being uploaded on YouTube watc hed by millions. person with least technical skills can create political content online (blog, Twitter) and can have his share of fame with hundreds of users following his posts.Political demonstrations can be organized with throng mobilized online done Facebook, twitter and by sending SMSes. As a testimony to the above said fact were the recent protests in North Africa and Middle East beginning with political upheavals in Tunisia, Egypt and spreading to other move of the region including Libya, Yemen and Syria. In this paper, we try to explore if social media can be used as an effective tool in politics. burn it draw in a difference in natural politics and bring about social change? ordure it be used as a long border tool to strengthen the civilised ordering and politic sphere?Problem Structuringa) Stake Holder depth psychologyI. Stakeholder MapII. Specific Stakeholder ChartGovernment and Regulatory BodyFederal and state governments meshwork service providersMinistry of in formation and broadcastingLegal framework for formula IT Rules 2011 Political partiesBJPCongressRegional parties Civil societyIndian think tankNon- profit organizationResearch and Education organization Social media activistsAwareness creatorsAdvocatesOrganizersmobilizers Foreign GovernmentsG8BRICG20 Consumers of social media contentSilent searchersContributorsConventionalist- pore on discussing informationHobbyists Traditional mediaPrint mediaTVNews channels Social media ownersGoogleYahooFacebookMySpaceIII. Identification of Stakesb) BOT GraphPreviously a wide network was needed to organize mass scale demonstrations against any public policy.. Most often comrades of a party, nonprofit organization or student community had possessed such an organization capability. People formed clusters based on the common ideology or the interest that they shared. Traditional media such as Newspaper, boob tube channels were used to reach people incurring high Transaction cost. literate populati on is suppuration with increasing access to technologies like Internet at a cheaper cost makesSocial media now a phenomenaThe following figure shows the intuitive relation between literacy, internet users, political activists and Dictators. It means that as more than people are educated, they have the basic skills to user Internet. As the political turmoil increases in a country, people use social media to voice their opinion about political situation in their country. so number of political activists increases. More and number of people join offline the protest which was conceptualized online bring down the dictatorship rule reducing number of dictators.LITERATURE REVIEW1. Political upheaval in Tunisia Research paper Emerging role of social media in political and Regime change by Rita safranek takes a muddy cortical capableness into the various components of social media. The book takes a look into the issues in the following sections.i. Political unrest in Philippinesii. P olitical unrest in Iraniii. Political unrest in Tunisiaiv. Criticism of Twitter regenerationIn 1994, Facebook was created by Harvard student Mark Zuckerberg as a way to connect with his friends on campus. It grew to be large social network with 850 million users in USA alone. Other micro blogging sites like Twitter have been growing steadily since its launch. YouTube provides a platform to share videos. These three big social media were a major Hit because an aver get on with person with no computer skills can use it with good success. Social media is a major attraction to the youth because Traditional social economic barrier are humble providing them a level playing field. Social media has been used to form activities of civil societies such as Mobs and civil movements and Several countries has been cited as examples Philippines, Iran and Tunisia where activists used Facebook, LiveJournal and Twitter to organize protests followed by successful large demonstrations.Rulers in thes e countries try to suppress the demonstrations by not allowing traditional media to cover the news and mislead the public by mailing erroneous timings and cyber blocks. Though internet was censored cyber activists circulated protest videos among the closed circuit with greater reach. World took a look at these small countries and their political oppressions. Analysts claim success of social media has to do with the affordability (low cost) of technology and conditions of their use (Gender and economics) while critics argue that social media is that the social network is built around weak ties as political participation requires lesser motivation.Twitter has their inbuilt short comings such as word limit of one hundred forty words. Statistics also shows the market penetration of internet in developing countries is minimal when compared to developed countries. Hence not sustainable. 2. Research paper Social media and politics Therortical and methodogical considerations in designing a study of political designation by Maja Tunrsek. This paper discusses about nation state polity and global state polity. Pre globalization the nation state regulated all public transactions. Post globalization, power has been transferred outside the nation to economic private powers which gave rise to sovereignty, democracy. As a result, they are facing a deficit in ratiocination making. On an individual level, since they are no more controlled by state polity , they are woful towards individualistic politics such as lifestyle politic, consumerism.In order to convince people on global issues. People started mobilizing people cutting through boundaries by writing blogs, viral marketing, initiating petitions etc. thither are several theories explains the impact of social media on democracy. Techno optimists of view that internet is lower the cost of participation. It is providing a platform where individuals can interact with other individuals who share same interest. Public scru tiny of political mandate made easier where the elites and influential people are also under the purview of scrutiny. Techno pessimists counter argue that Internet is a perceived only as legitimate way of democracy. If this trend is followed, politicians will see this as an opportunity to circumvent traditional journalist and reach their audience with tailored content. Now the onus lies on the consumers to evaluate the authenticity of the content they are presented with.Like any other technology, social media also has it pros and cons. Social media alone cannot be made responsible for good democracy and dispersion of neither power nor used tacitly will lead to concentration and abuse of power. These were created based on institutional needs so their impact will depend on the structure and rules of the institution. 3. Research paper The impact of social media on Agenda setting in Elections campaign Cross media and cross national equalitys by Gunn Enli. This paper throws insight on how media has evolved and its implication on politics. In early 60s media was dominated by boob tube as medium for political communication and continued domineering for three decades. With the advent of digital technology, political communication took a different direction with more importance laid on mundane and populism. politician have come of an age and have started using social media as a strategic tool say in election campaigning. Social media and traditional media have differed on various aspects such as reach, issues addressed, debating style and political impact.In past, television has placed a crucial role in setting up political order of business as it was the majority news provide. Media landscape is changed and replaced by cyber space where people omit most of their time and discuss the issues that matter to them the most.Sooner, citizens will comfortable in the liking the Facebook page of their leadership as it would provide and easy and direct way of communicatin g with him. In developed countries like USA, the scenario is more favorable as the majority of the population has access to internet and tech savvy. The trend of using of Social media for the brand management of leaders, election campaigning, political survey will continue. It also pose a potential threat of content posted online can go viral in a fraction of million second and can cause greater damage to the reputation. Hence should be handled with caution.Research Problem passel social media can be used as an effective tool in politics. Can it make a difference in natural politics and bring about social change? Can it be used as a long term tool to strengthen the civil society and politic sphere? Research ObjectiveThe research objective of this paper is to understand the effectiveness of social media in political sphere * role of social media in bringing political revolution in countries like Egypt * relationship between traditional and social media in setting up the political age nda * Using social media in politics of developed economies like USAResearch QuestionsWhat level of political openness and trust between individuals online can be perceived as political participation? argon we seeing revolutions triggered by the social media because of low transaction cost involved in mobilizing people? Can social media have that impact of transforming individuals? Can it give them competencies that will empower them in politics? why politicians in few countries have chosen to use social media in their political campaigns What is the dynamics between traditional and social media in setting agenda for election campaigns?Proposed Methodology MethodsThe proposed methodology is basically based on the research objective. a) The Input- Output Method This method uses a well-known truth that you cannot get something out of nothing. There has to be an input to produce an output. Using this method for research purpose makes the estimation rattling easy. Technology and input s are far better defined.. b) Systematic studyFactors affecting political participation are studied systematic ally by applying an experiential model O-S-O-R model. According to the O-S- O-R model, the activity of the political participation is a response result arising from a casual relationship between online activity and result orientation. To enquire the study subjects, a survey was conducted. The target population covered male and female adults above the age of 19. Questionnaire was created to capture the relationship between casual variable c) Qualitative case study methodCases of different countries are selected and are analyzed In detail about its features and impact. The data gathered through this method is rich as well as complementary with the theoretical framework such as stockholders analysis and casual loop diagram and also was helpful in answering research questions. Each case is taken In isolation analyzing the unique features that led to revolution followed by com parison with case of another country and a parallel is drawn CAUSAL- LOOP DiagramFor drawing the causal loop diagram we need to identify the different variables that will impact the effectiveness of social media in politics. Following are the variables1) literates2) internet users3) Internet regulations4) Political activists5) Dictators6) Social media7) Traditional media8) Online political activists9) Political activism10) Protests11) Dictators12) totalitarianism13) Democracy14) Internet censorshipFrom the causal loop we can see that there are 2 positive feedback loops(Reinforcing ) and one negative feedback loop(Balancing). Increase in literates will lead to increase in internet users will lead to increase in usage of internet applications such as Facebook, Twiiter. As people identify with likeminded people, they form clusters or communities and share views about common causes, agenda.When the government doesnt reciprocate the grievances or mundane of the public will lead to more political activism online. These activism will be transformed into demonstrations and protest. If the government tries to suppress political activism through internet censorship will lead to people finding shipway to circumvent censorship. Ultimately, state has to bow to the public leading to fall of unpopular regimes. As democracy flourishes, measure of living and thus literacy increases.Limitations of the StudyThere are few limitations to the study and the research methods adopted is empirical evidence to prove that people who protested in countries like Tunisia and Iran used social media for organizing mob. Few research written document available only suggested that during the revolution, social media played the role of traditional media reporting the events that took place. Similarly no empirical evidence to prove that brand value of a political leader was increased by expeditious use of social media during election campaigningReferenceshttp//www.parl.gc.ca/Content/LOP/Researc hPublications/2010-10-e.htm http//www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67038/clay-shirky/the-political-power-of-social-media http//articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-01-25/national/35440649_1_pipa-and-sopa-social-media-wikipedia http//overland.org.au/blogs/new-words/2012/10/beyond-twibbons-thinking-about-politics-and-social-media/

Factors Affecting Organizational Structure Essay Example for Free

Factors affecting organisational Structure EssayA high societys organisational body structure can run into its success or failure upon entry into the market. The decisions a small-business owner makes in choosing management and employee divisions at bottom the company help determine the organizational structure and can have a large influence on the culture at heart the business. If structure doesnt reflect the owners business goals, employees may have a hard time working successfully for the company.Change management processResearch-based, holistic model for managing the people side of changewww. change-management.comSize of assembly lineAs a small-business owner, the size of your company can have a significant influence on the organizational structure of your company. If youre running a sole proprietorship with a few employees, you may not even up extremity a well-defined organizational structure if you perform all the management functions of the business. A larger o rganization bespeaks more structure to allow its different components to communicate effectively with one another. For example, a full-service eating place requires a kitchen manager, floor manager, bar manager and general manager to run each division within the establishment and keep the employees in each division working to task.Stage of DevelopmentThe stage of your companys breeding can dictate its needs regarding organizational structure. The youth stage of a companys life cycle emphasizes egression and the needs of the customer. This may require you as a business owner to develop an organizational structure around increased customer service, including a system to handle complaints and develop better service strategies. At this stage youre still very much in control of the majority of the companys casual business decisions. By contrast, in the midlife stage of development, your company may require more levels of management to handle the growing departments with the company. Organizational structure may feel more mechanized with you as the owner somewhat removed from the day-to-day running of the company.Reflecting Organizational CultureThe business culture you wish to project to your employees can dictate aspects of your companys organizational structure. For example, a company with multiple redundancies in the management infrastructure may prize procedure- and rule-following, whereas a company with a more lax management approach may encourage a culture of individual(prenominal) ownership among employees. Each culture has its place and benefits. A construction or manufacturing company has greater need of organizational structure and redundancy in the management infrastructure than a law firm where employees be working independently under the loose rubric of senior partners in management roles.Overall Business StrategyHow your company intends to enter the market and become successful can play a role in how you choose to set up its organizational struc ture. For example, an aggressive marketing and product-placement strategy may require multiple department heads to coordinate efforts and ensure no portion of the companys larger plan lags behind the rest. Alternatively, a more methodical development strategy may require a smaller, more focused organizational structure, so you can actively monitor all the details of a plan and survey progress.

Norwegian International Ship (NIS) Register: Pros and Cons

Norse global send come let out (NIS) s asshole Pros and ConsIntroductionThe fancy of charge enrolment dates back to the time when watercrafts started to journey chthonian matter pivots. Belonging to contrasting countries, the nationality of a delight provides not provided protection of the owners rights, contri scarcee and former(a) advantages, but too responsibilities and certain go to a lower placeations. Registration means subjecting the ship to the profound power of a country. However, the ship burn downal and approaches to ship modification were not rigid and in conciliative. Prior to the 1980s, national recitals were the only phenomenon in the ship enrollment practice. But the so-c entirelyed open recitals appe bed due to several developing countries, such as Panama, Liberia and the Bahamas. They provided more than flexible conditions and lower costs than national registers. get off owners were attracted by open registers to wrench more militant i n comparison with their rivals. The response of the developed countries was to introduce outside(a) or second registers that gave wider opportunities than national unrivaleds, but provided bump technical support and service to the member-vessels. The current literature review is aimed at providing the over exclusively potpourri of ship register types and to concent station on the four registering companies NIS, NOR (Norwegian institutionalise registers), IOM Ship Register (Isle of piece) and UK Ship Register.Definition, Classification and Functions of Ship RegistersRayfuse (2004) argues that according to existing international legislation, ships be allowed to sail under the flag of one country only. Consequently, the concept of a ship register or flag read dish outes a vessel to the state, which carries out the restrictive control over this ship (Harwood, 2006). However, this registration will imply further certificate and inspection of the ship. picky attention is given by ship registers to the master(prenominal)tenance of environmental regulations and the prevention of pollution (Raikes, 2009).Hinkelman (2005) proposed an overwhelming classification of ship registers types. The reoceanrcher argues that all the register types ar subdivided into national registers, flags of convenience (FOCs), second registers and bareboat charter registers. In the fictitious character of national registers, the direct link between the nationality of the vessels owner and the flag state is implied. field registers are often referred to as closed registers (Hinkelman, 2005). bowling pins of convenience (FOCs) do not directly link the nationality of the owner with the state flag. On the contrary, they are foreign registers, which provide more convenient conditions for the ship owners. Bareboat charter registers grant the casualty to obtain for vessels a foreign registration for a certain time period. However, they retain their primary registration (Hinkelman, 2 005).The current dissertation focuses predominantly on second and national registers. Second registers are often referred to as offshore registers. Their operation is determined by the International Transport Workers Federation (ITF) (Mulcahy and Tillotson, 2004). This type of register is commonly established either by the separate legislation in the country, which already has a national (primary register), or in the offshore territory with the direct legal connection to the host country. The main second registers are the Norwegian International Ship Register (NIS) (Norway), Isle of macrocosm (UK), Madeira (Portugal), Kerguelen (France) and Danish International Ship Register (DIS) (Denmark) (Farthing and Brownrigg, 1997).From the standpoint of the world economy, the main function of international ship registers is to assist in global naval commerce. According to Odeke (1998) this assistance whitethorn be seen in eliminating certain restrictions and terminus ad quems imposed b y primary registers. in any vitrine the capital punishment of the official control function, international registers protect the rights of the owners of vessels. Furthermore, second registers pitch to subscribe certain real regulations for vessels owners. They stipulate definite manning, receipts rules and safety requirements (Chircop and Lindn, 2006). For instance, the nationality requirements for manning are usually relaxed by the international registers. At the akin time, the second register country has the right to call all registered vessels in the event of war or other emergencies (DeSombre, 2006).Klikauer and Morris (2002) argue that it is beneficial for countries to provoke their own second registers. International registers charge registration taxes and fees from the vessels owners. compensate providing the above mentioned services to the ships, they remain profi hedge. International registers attract ship owners, as they ordinary provide more good conditions and terms than those of the home states (Raikes, 2009). It may be even stated that the second registers compete against individually other in attracting new candidates.Norwegian International Ship (NIS) RegisterBackgroundThe Norwegian International Ship Register was founded in 1987. The second register provides the possibility of the registration and franchise for vessels under the flag of Norway, which has been an outstanding nautical nation since the time of the Vikings. The main purpose of the NIS is formulated as the following to walk a flexible and commercially attractive alternative to open registers while retaining the essential features of quality registers (Branch, 2007, p. 164). The face was established to compete against other international registers for the benefit of Norway. The Norwegian International Ship Register allows the certification of the following types of ships hovercraft, cargo and self-propelled ships, movable platforms and installations. The citizenship of the owner is not limited or restricted by the NIS.The ships sailing under the Norwegian flag have to subject to the jurisdiction of that country. The key battles with the ordinary NOR may be seen in the following. First, according to the NIS, direct certification of foreign companies is allowed which is not possible in case of NOR. Secondly, according to the NIS, the employment of foreign crew with the standard topical anaesthetic salary level is allowed.Limitations of the NISThe limitations subscribed by the NIS were originally formulated by the International Labour arranging (ILO) of Norway and the International Maritime Organization (IMO). The main limitation of the NIS is that the ships under the Norwegian flag are not allowed to carry passengers or cargo from one Norwegian port to another Norwegian port. Furthermore, regular transportation of passengers between foreign and Norwegian ports is not permitted either. It is specified that Norwegian gas and oil installations are considered to be Norwegian ports from the standpoint of this limitation.Despite the particular that the NIS legislation allows foreign ownership of the vessel, owners are obliged to have a Norwegian representative. This requirement may be also interpreted as a limitation for foreign owners. Another limitation may be seen in the fact that a foreign crew of the vessel is not allowed to carry out all the technical and commercial maintenance operations by themselves. Furthermore, their home country cannot be snarled in these operations either. The NIS legislation implies the interlocking of the third party, a Norwegian caller-out, which will accomplish the token(prenominal) set of technical and commercial operations for a foreign vessel. Hence, a certain degree of dependance in technical and fiscal operations for foreign vessels may be classified as a limitation because crew cannot make a choice of their own. At the same time, the NIS legislation does not limit the age of the vess el to be registered. The main requirement is satisfactory technical functioning of the ship.The Number of Registered ShipsIt is sound to trace back the dynamics of the registered quantities of vessels in the NIS. At the beginning of 1999, the bit of registered vessels was equal to 705. In upcoming years it was fluctuating and finally dropped. In 2000, 2001 and 2002 the routine of the registered vessels constituted 712, 717 and 693 respectively. However, in 2008, this figure constituted only 577 vessels. The NIS registered 358 vessels owned by the Norwegians and 192 owned by foreigners. This illustrates that the general tend in the number of NIS registration was decreasing. To venture the NIS registration in tunnage, the following indicators can be mentioned. During the period from 1999 to 2005, the tonnage of the NIS registered vessels changed from 19,000 gross tons to more or less 14,000 gross tons. Again, the overall trend for the NIS registers in tonnage was decreasing.Adv antagesThe following advantages can be attributed to registration in the NIS.Norwegians are universally recognised as a competent and experienced maritime nation.The Norwegian taxation system is comparatively mild in comparison with the overall European taxation regulations.The Norwegian juridical system characterises itself as one of the most predictable and sophisticated towards the maritime business.The NIS system has a rattling good report, which eliminates further inspection of the cargo in foreign ports. The registered vessels will reap all the benefits of high-quality tonnage.The implementation by the NIS of other international standards, such as ILO, IMO, ISM, SOLAS, WTO, OECD and MARPOL, increases the universality and uniformity of their legislation, which is advantageous for trade.The NIS provides more than cholecalciferol service stations on a global scale, which are easy to apply to for technical and financial management and support.The income of the crews including foreign citizens is not taxed by the Norwegian authorities.DisadvantagesIt may be argued that the following single outs can be found in the NIS.Foreign owners and cargo or passenger transportation companies are not permitted to place the internal Norwegian marketplace. The NIS legislation does not allow transportation between Norwegian ports for foreign vessels. However, this disadvantage is recognised by foreign owners only. The Norwegian authorities secure themselves against additional competition in the sea transportation market, which is recognised as an advantage for them.Foreign ships have no possibility to turn to their national technical and financial support services.Ship owners have to coordinate their payments to the employees within Norwegian legislation.Mandatory participation of the Norwegian representative in the communication with the Norwegian government.Norwegian unremarkable Register (NOR)BackgroundThe Norwegian Ordinary Register (NOR) has certain similariti es with the NIS, but the main difference may be found in the class of the register. According to the above given classification, the NOR belongs to the national type of registers. It means, that it emphasises the direct link between the nationality of the owner and the host country. The NOR can be considered a closed register. The NOR legislation implies two options upon registration of vessels mandatory and automatic registrations. The mandatory registration is necessary for all the Norwegian vessels, which have a length of 15 meters or more. However, if they are already registered in other countries (have international or second registration), the NOR registration is not required.The impulsive option of registration can be applied to the Norwegian vessels, which have a length from 7 to 15 meters. In addition, other vessels, which are not used for commercial purposes may be registered voluntarily according to the NOR. Floating docks and cranes, hovercrafts and installations and m oving platforms can be registered on the voluntary basis. In all the other cases, which are prescribed by the Act concerning the Registration and Marking of Fishing Vessels, the registration of vessels is mandatory.Limitations of the NORAccording to the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and emergence (2005), the main limitations of the NOR may be found in its nature of being a national or closed register. In particular, to be registered by the NOR, the shipping company is to be owned by an EEA citizen. Nevertheless, non-EEA ownership is possible too, but the share owned by the EEA citizens must be no less than 60%. If compared with the NIS, such limitation does not exist there. On registration in the NOR, the company that owns a vessels becomes a company with limited liability. The headquarters of a cargo or passenger conveyer must be on the territory of the EEA. Similar requirements are attributed to the crew of the vessel registered in symmetry with the NOR standards. The prevailing majority of the crew members including the captain itself are to be EEA citizens, who had resided in the EEA area the two precede years.Another limitation deals with the technical and financial management of the registered vessel. The NOR legislation allows technical support for a vessel from a Norwegian technical servicer only. The maintenance may be given abroad, but this company has to in the end belong to Norway.The Number of Registered ShipsIn 2007, the total number of vessels registered in NOR was equal to 749. In 2008, this figure change magnitude by 2.8% and was equal to 770. The NOR registration in tonnage was equal to 2,411 gross tons in 2007. In 2008, this figure decreased and constituted only 2,305 gross tons. It is preferably difficult to comment about the tend in the NOR registrations because the two recent years demonstrated a small rise in numbers, but a fall in tonnage.AdvantagesThe following advantages are usually attributed to the NOR.The vessels op erating in the inner market reap the benefits of high-quality support and the protection of foreign competitors.Sophisticated and highly experienced maritime tradition contributes greatly to the development of sea transportation businesses for different types of vessels.It is beneficial for ship owners that the country has two types of ship registers national and international.DisadvantagesThe following disadvantages may be seen in the NOR registration for vessels.The registration fees are not stable and falter from year to year depending on the prescriptions of the Maritime Act.Opportunities of technical support are limited only to the domestic providers of this service.It may be concluded that as Norwegian International Ship (NIS) Register and Norwegian Ordinary Registers (NOR) belong to one country, they have much in common. However, the main difference between these registers is that they belong to different register groups national (NOR) and international or second (NIS) regis ters. The NOR completely binds the registered ships to the host country, Norway. It may be spy in terms of ownership, cooperation with maintenance and support services and the location of the headquarters. The NIS naturally allows foreign ownership, but the limitation of mandatory service remains. Moreover, companies are obliged to have a Norwegian representative.UK RegisterBackgroundThe UK register is part of the Maritime and Coastal Agency (MCA), which controls and monitors all of the marine activity in the UK. Since the UK is a kingdom, all of the activity is in the end answerable to Her Majesty the Queen of Great Britain. The UK register is a closed register.The UK register handlesMerchant shipsFishing vesselsLarge yachtsPleasure Crafts/ Small shipsWith 116 (UK Ship Register, 2010) ports around the UK, all of the above vessels can register and receive a UK flag. Although the register provides a list of restrictions on who can be registered, it covers quite a wide range of geog raphical locations (e.g. British Dependant territories citizens, EEA countries, those that have a registered business in one of the EEA countries).Benefits of having a UK FlagThe UK flag is considered to be one of the best performing flags in the world, be 3rd (lowest by endangerment) in the Paris MoU list The UK Flag is one of the top performing Flags on the Paris MoU White List (UK register, 2010). The register is proud to offer their customers assistance both before and after registration. Financially, it rewards its members with relatively low annual renewal fees and contributes around 1.4 million to a Crew Relief Cost Scheme.Furthermore, UK registered ships are not targeted by Port State Control regimes in the worlds major trading areasISPS plan approvals and arrest audits at no cost to owners and operatorsAn international reputation for expert advice and guidance with a proactive starring(p) role at the IMO, EU and Quality Shipping CommitteesWorldwide security threat leve l data provided to UK registered ships with support for British Nationals on board from British Consuls and Royal Navy protection dependent on the availability of assets and exact situationQuality Assurance offering certification to ISO 9001 and ISO 14001 standards with audits being taken in harmonisation with ISMAlternate Compliance Scheme A voluntary scheme that streamlines the survey and certification process by minimising duplication of effort with Classification Societies. Eligibility is conditional upon certain criteria being met (UK Register, 2010).Disadvantages of the UK FlagThe National Audit Office (2009) has reported that the efficiency with which the mackintosh operates has deteriorated over the years. Until 2000 the agency have managed to carry out all of the required surveys in revise to check the quality of the ships that operate under a UK flag. However, by 2007, the targets were not met. Furthermore, it was predicted, that the targets would not be met again in 200 8-2009. Failure to meet its targets will increase the risk that UK vessels which do not comply with regulations operate without detection in UK ports and waters (National Audit Office, 2009, p.5).In order to be efficient, the MAC needs more re reference books However, at the moment, even the cost of surveys are not met by the revenues that are brought in by the owners of the vessels.Another worrying fact, is that the quality of the UK flag, which has been enjoying a very good reputation over the years, is starting to disappear. The audit has found that an increasing number of UK flag holders are being detained afield due to the inability to pass quality checks. Although relatively this detention number is lower compared to other flags, it has been argued that the difference is getting smaller every year. Partly, because the quality of the other flags is increasing and partly because the quality of the UK flag vessels is deteriorating.Registered ShipsIn order to increase the set ou tth in registered ships, the Government has introduced a tonnage tax in 2000. In turn, instead of charging vessels on the profits that they make off their activities, they are now charged on the tonnage of their vessels. This regulatory measure has allowed the UK register to see a good increase in the number of vessels. By the end of 2007 the UK registered merchant fleet had grown from 1,050 to 1,518. Of these, 646 vessels were trading vessels compared with 417 vessels in 2000 (National Audit Office, 2009, p.5). The tonnage that was brought in also increased. In 2007, the average tonnage per vessel increased from 11,000 to 19,000.This increase had an interesting effect on the number of overseas surveys that the MCA had to perform in 2007. Nearly a quarter of them had to be done overseas. This is a spacious increase, considering that in 2000-2001, 5% were performed overseas, while the rest were done domestically (National Audit Office, 2009, p.5). Large increases were also seen in t he number of Certificates of Equivalent Competency that were issued, from 3,244 in 2003 to 4,722 in 2007.However, although absolute numbers have increased, the overall rate of growth has declined. In 2007, the fleet grew by 10%, compared to 13.33% average growth from 2001 to 2003. The MAC argues that too legion(predicate) external factors are at play, which do not allow them to enhance the growth with more control. For example, the MAC found that some shipping companies were happy to wait and see whether the EU would bring in a tonnage tax as well, before making the final decision on their flagging. In turn, this shows that although the UK ship register provides a large number of benefits, they are not relatively substantive enough to become a deciding factor for the shipping companies.Isle of Man RegistryBackgroundIsle of Man Registry (IOM) works closely with the Isle of Man government to provide relevant solutions to its members. Tynwald (the local parliament) is ultimately answ erable to the Crown, however, as has long been agreed, the UK government does not legislate the IOM, and therefore, shipping legislation is approved by Tynwald alone. The Isle of Man operates a Category One, Red Ensign Group British Register that provides for the registration of ships of any coat or type. The Isle of Man Register is a component part of the British Register (The Red Ensign Group, 2010).IOM registry is relatively new, established only in 1984. Over the years, the IOM has seeked local nonpublic solutions for its clients, and today works closely with local marine lawyers, accountants, PI clubs and even banks, bringing a diverse, one-stop-shop solution to anyone who registers.Due to its offshore jurisdiction capabilities and proximity to Europe, IOM can provide a highly competitive solution. The IOM strongly competes on its tax exemption regime, its financial centre capabilities and developed technical solutions whilst on the island.The IOM registers a large number of different vessels, including VLCC, superyachts, fishing boats and pleasure crafts.Advantages of the IOMThe Isle of Man Ship Registry has tardily been voted best in the world, claiming the top spot in the international shipping industry round table annual flag state performance table (PDMS, 2008). Like the rest of the registrars, IOM conveys that it will provide the ship owners with the cost-efficient and customer-friendly solution. Quality is key to the Isle of Man, where our reputation as a high quality jurisdiction makes us the flag of choice for todays modern maritime business (IOM, 2010). Furthermore, the website states that this registers customer service has a dynamical approach. A professional Ship Registry providing a high quality of service available 24/7 with fast response to queriesReasonable costs and no annual tonnage duesA favourable taxation regime designed to encourage businessThe right to fly the Red Ensign and entre the support of British consular services world -wide and British Royal Navy protectionFlexibility in the requirements for registered ownersThe availability of Demise registry both IN and OUTSupport for ships treated unfairly by Port State ControlFull political support for shippingISO 9001/2008 AccreditationNot a Flag of ConvenienceRegular advice bulletins on key issues to help owners respond to them (IOM, 2010).Unlike the rest of the registers, it can be argued that IOM offers a number of unique solutions and help. For example, the Ship Managers and Owner Association (IOMSA) brings together the ship owners with the relevant legal and financial representatives, where they are able to discuss outstanding issues and come up with solutions. A similar link is offered to the superyachts sector (Manx Yacht Forum). In turn, it can be argued, that the register can see the issues quickly and address them, which takes the customer service to a different level. Furthermore, since a large proportion of its business is coming from the privat e yacht owners, the IOM offers one annual yacht fee, which includes all of the charges and exemptions in it already. This makes it very easy for the owners to delegate all of their paper work to the registers, without getting involved in the complex structure of the system.The yearly Report (2008) puts strong emphases on the quality of the vessels that register with the IOM registry. Consistent quality checks before the registration and during the time that the vessel is under the IOM flag, reflects in the strong decline in the number of accidents that the IOM are subject to. Over 5 years, the number of accidents declined from 53 in 2004 to 35 in 2008 (Annual Report, 2008, p. 20).The Number of Registered ShipsThe IOM has grown over the years, yet, this growth has never been aggressive. In 2008, its main growth was in the registration of yachts, where the target was to register 1 per month. In 2008, 995 vessels were sailing under the IOM flag.Figure 1. IOM registered vessels by typeS ource IOM, Annual Report, 2008, p. 10It is extremely important for the IOM register to be within the first third on the Paris MOU register. So far, out of 83 members of the Paris MOU, they have managed to stay within the first 11.Figure 2 Paris MOU register and IOM positionSource Annual Report, 2008, p. 21ConclusionThe literature review has shown that there are the second registers have been developed by the countries in order to compete with those that were offered by the developing countries. The closed registers examined still prevail in size (by the number of registered vessels), however, the difference is not very large. Each of the registers offers their members a large number of benefits. However, as the case with NIS has shown, reluctance to be flexible is likely to results in less demand for their services. It was interesting to see the results produced by IOM. The registry has managed to grow steadily, despite having a large amount of competition. The low costs that the IO M offers has not force on the quality of the service provided.It has been found that the UK Register is much bigger in size than NOR and enjoys a steady growth. Despite the deteriorating ability to meet its survey targets, it still has the 3rd place in the MOU whitelist (see Appendix). It can be argued that if the vessels are less likely to be detained overseas due to deficiencies, this plays an important part on their ability to make a profit. Therefore, low risk registers, such as the UK Register is likely to be more attractive.Both NIS and NOR has seen a decline in their registered members. It can be argued that unlike the UK register and the IOM, they did not make enough competitive changes to stay attractive.ReferencesAppleBy (2009) Brief Ship registration in the Isle of Man online http//dc.co.im/uploaded/Publication/1362_File_5.pdf Accessed on 2 evidence 2010Branch, A. (2007) Elements of shipping, 7th ed., Taylor Francis, p. 164Burroughs R (1984) Offshore supply vessels An emerging maritime industry Maritime Policy Management, Vol. 11, No. 4, pp. 269 276The Chartered Institute of Logistics and Transport (2008) UK Ship Register continues to grow onlinehttp//www.ciltuk.org.uk/pages/industry-news/article?EBA1745A-D18A-4443-A2FE-946C24DFD242 Accessed on 2 border district 2010Chircop, A. and Lindn, O. 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